Primary health care performance according to clusters of convergent municipalities in the state of São Paulo.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the performance of Primary Health Care, according to conglomerates of São Paulo cities that present homogeneous indicators. METHODS: This is a descriptive study, based on secondary data extracted from official sources of the Unified Health System, for the year 2018. An analysis matrix was created, with the proposition of performance (access, effectiveness and adequacy) and context indicators (population, health determinants and financing) selected and organized in dimensions and sub-dimensions. Cluster Analysis was used to identify the groups of homogeneous municipalities. RESULTS: 645 municipalities were divided in 6 conglomerates. Clusters 2 and 3 were formed predominantly by small municipalities with greater access to health; cluster 3 has less social vulnerability and greater investment in health. Clusters 1, 4 and 5 were formed by the largest municipalities with less access to health; cluster 4 presents greater social vulnerability, less coverage of private health plans and a greater percentage of health resources; cluster 5 was characterized by greater Gross Domestic Product per capita and greater coverage of private health plans. Cluster 6, formed by the city of São Paulo, was a particular case. Cluster 2 drew attention, as it was shown to have increased coverage, but signaled lower efficacy and adequacy levels. Cluster 3 had the best performance among all clusters. CONCLUSION: These findings can support regional and municipal management, given the complexity of the territory of São Paulo, pointing to scenarios that demand broader public management initiatives.

Caracterização do atributo acesso na Atenção Primária à Saúde nos Contratos de Gestão das Organizações Sociais de Saúde no município de São Paulo / Characterization of the attribute access in Primary Health Care in management Contracts of Social Health Organization in the city of São Paulo

O acesso aos cuidados de saúde está assegurado a todos na Constituição Federal de 1988. Para tanto, o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) definiu a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), devido a seus atributos, como prioritária para a concretização desse objetivo. A Secretaria Municipal da Saúde de São Paulo (SMS-SP) adotou a contratualização com Organizações Sociais de Saúde (OSS) para a implementação da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Este estudo visa caracterizar o atributo acesso na APS nos Contratos de Gestão entre a SMS-SP e as OSS. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa com análise documental e de conteúdo dos Contratos de Gestão celebrados no período de 2014 a 2020. Os resultados apontam elevada frequência da dimensão disponibilidade, refletindo em oferta de serviços e recursos os mais variados. Todavia, as baixas frequências da acessibilidade e aceitabilidade fragilizam a adequação desses serviços e recursos, evidenciada pela ausência de documentos descritivos relativos aos cenários socioeconômicos dos territórios.

Access to health care is guaranteed to all in the Federal Constitution of 1988. To this end, the Unified Health System (SUS) defined the Family Health Strategy (ESF), due to its attributes, as a priority for achieving this objective. The Municipal Department of São Paulo (SMS-SP) adopted a contract with Social Health Organizations (OSS) to implement Primary Health Care (PHC). This study aims to characterize the access attribute in the APS in the Management Contracts between SMS-SP and OSS. Qualitative research was carried out with document and content analysis of the Management Contracts signed in the period from 2014 to 2020. The results point to a high frequency of the availability dimension, reflecting the most varied offer of services and resources. However, the low frequencies of accessibility and acceptability weaken the adequacy of these services and resources, evidenced by the absence of descriptive documents related to the socioeconomic scenarios of the territories.

Primary health care performance according to clusters of convergent municipalities in the state of São Paulo / Desempenho da atenção primária à saúde, segundo clusters de municípios convergentes no estado de São Paulo

ABSTRACT: Objective: To describe the performance of Primary Health Care, according to conglomerates of São Paulo cities that present homogeneous indicators. Methods: This is a descriptive study, based on secondary data extracted from official sources of the Unified Health System, for the year 2018. An analysis matrix was created, with the proposition of performance (access, effectiveness and adequacy) and context indicators (population, health determinants and financing) selected and organized in dimensions and sub-dimensions. Cluster Analysis was used to identify the groups of homogeneous municipalities. Results: 645 municipalities were divided in 6 conglomerates. Clusters 2 and 3 were formed predominantly by small municipalities with greater access to health; cluster 3 has less social vulnerability and greater investment in health. Clusters 1, 4 and 5 were formed by the largest municipalities with less access to health; cluster 4 presents greater social vulnerability, less coverage of private health plans and a greater percentage of health resources; cluster 5 was characterized by greater Gross Domestic Product per capita and greater coverage of private health plans. Cluster 6, formed by the city of São Paulo, was a particular case. Cluster 2 drew attention, as it was shown to have increased coverage, but signaled lower efficacy and adequacy levels. Cluster 3 had the best performance among all clusters. Conclusion: These findings can support regional and municipal management, given the complexity of the territory of São Paulo, pointing to scenarios that demand broader public management initiatives.

RESUMO: Objetivo: Descrever o desempenho da atenção primária à saúde, segundo clusters de municípios paulistas que apresentaram indicadores homogêneos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com base em dados secundários extraídos de fontes oficiais do Sistema Único de Saúde, referentes ao ano de 2018. Foi elaborada uma matriz de análise, com a proposição de indicadores de desempenho (acesso, efetividade e adequação) e contexto (população, determinantes de saúde e financiamento), selecionados e organizados em dimensões e subdimensões. Para identificar os grupos de municípios homogêneos, foi utilizada a análise de cluster Resultados: Dos 645 municípios, constituíram-se seis clusters. Os clusters 2 e 3 foram formados, predominantemente, por municípios pequenos e com maior acesso; entre eles, o cluster 3 apresentou menor vulnerabilidade social e maior investimento em saúde. Os clusters 1, 4 e 5, em contrapartida, foram formados por municípios maiores e com menor acesso; entre eles, o cluster 4 apresentou maior vulnerabilidade social, menor cobertura de planos privados de saúde e maior percentual de recursos utilizados em saúde; e o cluster 5, maior produto interno bruto per capita e maior cobertura de planos privados de saúde. O cluster 6, formado pelo município de São Paulo, demonstrou ser um caso particular. Ainda, o cluster 2 chamou atenção. Apresentando maior cobertura, sinalizou menor efetividade e adequação. Entre todos os clusters, o cluster 3 alcançou o melhor desempenho. Conclusão: Os resultados podem subsidiar a gestão regional e municipal, diante da complexidade do território paulista, apontando para cenários que demandam maiores inciativas de gestão pública.